The wagon held supplies they needed - tools, food, clothing and furniture. Were used by settlers to haul all their belongings to their new home. These large wagons delivered freight (supplies). To protect the cargo, the wagon was covered with a tarp. Six or more teams were needed for hauling heavy loads. Pulled by teams of horses, oxen or mules. The cart was usually pulled by oxen, so it was alsoĬontestoga wagons were strong heavy wagons made of wood and iron, Strips of rawhide were wrapped around the wooden wheels. Wooden pegs and strips of buffalo hide held the parts together. RED RIVER CART (OX CART) The Red River cart was made of wood and had two large wheels. Horseback was quicker to travel greater distances. They slept in the barn or on the floor in a settler's home. Along the trails there were stopping houses where travellers could rest overnight. If someone had to walk a great distance, they packed food and water. People walked to town for supplies and returned with heavy loads which they carried on their backs. People were used to walking - walking to school, to church and to the neighbours. Those who were fortunate enough to have a horse could ride horseback. People who did not own a horse walked everywhere. The most common way to get from one place to another was on foot. There were locations where local settlers installed and operated ferries or built crude bridges and charged a toll for crossing. Settlers also attempted to float their wagons across rivers. At places where rivers were shallow enough to cross, people could "ford" the river. Because of the deep ruts, stones and holes wagons broke down on the trails.Īnother obstacle encountered on the overland trails was crossing rivers. Wagons were unloaded and pulled out of the mud. Difficulties included steep hills and getting stuck in the mud. Settlers used the same trails with their wagons. The trails were narrow and rough with stones and deep holes. Fur traders with Red River carts used these hunting trails on their way to forts and trading posts where they traded furs for supplies they needed. The First Nations people had hunting trails that followed the herds of bison. Ill from diseases which spread quickly among the passengers. Many people had to sell everything they owned in order to Depending on the weather it took nearly two weeks by steamship and much SAILING SHIPS & STEAMSHIPS Immigrants from Europe began their voyage to Canada by crossing (ships, Red River cart, ox cart, wagon, train, sleigh, buggy, cutter)
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